Verbos Irregulares en Inglés
27/11/2024

Los verbos irregulares o irregular verbs son aquellos que forman el pasado simple y el pretérito perfecto de una manera inusual y no siguiendo la regla genérica que dice que para el presente simple se añade la terminación -ed
o -d
(en caso de que el verbo termine por la letra e
).
Ejemplo de verbos regulares:
Verbo Regular | Pasado Simple | Pretérito Perfecto |
To walk | Walked | Have walked |
To bake | Baked | Have baked |
Por contra, los verbos irregulares forman el pasado y el pretérito perfecto, o más específicamente el participio pasado (past participle en inglés), de otras formas distintas. Estos irregular verbs hacen un listado que es necesario aprenderse ya que no tienen ningún rasgo particular que los diferencie de los verbos regulares más allá de que, como decimos, conjugan el pasado y el participio pasado de una forma diferente a la tradicional.
Antes de entrar con el listado, veamos una clasificación con algunos ejemplos de los verbos irregulares por la manera de formar el pasado y el participio.
Verbos que no varían nada:
Verbo Irregular | Pasado Simple | Pretérito Perfecto |
Bet | Bet | Bet |
Bid | Bid | Bid |
Verbos que comparten pasado simple y participio:
Verbo Irregular | Pasado Simple | Pretérito Perfecto |
Buy | Bought | Bought |
Sell | Sold | Sold |
Verbos con diferente pasado y participio:
Verbo Irregular | Pasado Simple | Pretérito Perfecto |
Begin | Began | Begun |
See | Saw | Seen |
Y ahora, para hacer menos pesado el listado de los verbos irregulares, lo vamos a dividir en dos etapas. Este contiene los verbos irregulares imprescindibles que te tienes que saber sí o sí porque son de un uso muy común.
Verbos Irregulares Comunes
Verbo en forma base | Verbo en pasado simple | Verbo en participio pasado | Traducción |
arise | arose | arisen | surgir |
awake | awoke | awoken | despertar(se) |
be | were | been | ser/estar |
bear | bore | borne | soportar |
beat | beat | beaten | golpear |
become | became | become | convertirse en |
begin | began | begun | empezar |
bet | bet | bet | apostar |
bid | bid | bid | pujar |
bite | bit | bitten | morder |
blow | blew | blown | soplar |
break | broke | broken | romper |
bring | brought | brought | traer |
build | built | built | construir |
burn | burnt | burnt | quemar(se) |
buy | bought | bought | comprar |
catch | caught | caught | coger |
choose | chose | chosen | elegir |
come | came | come | venir |
cost | cost | cost | costar |
cut | cut | cut | cortar |
do | did | done | hacer |
draw | drew | drawn | dibujar |
dream | dreamt | dreamt | soñar |
drink | drank | drunk | beber |
drive | drove | driven | conducir |
eat | ate | eaten | comer |
fall | fell | fallen | caer(se) |
feed | fed | fed | alimentar |
feel | felt | felt | sentirse |
fight | fought | fought | pelearse |
find | found | found | encontrar |
flee | fled | fled | huir |
fly | flew | flown | volar |
forbid | forbade | forbidden | prohibir |
forget | forgot | forgotten | olvidar(se) |
forgive | forgave | forgiven | perdonar |
get | got | got | conseguir |
give | gave | given | dar |
go | went | gone | irse |
grow | grew | grown | crecer |
have | had | had | haber, tener |
hear | heard | heard | escuchar |
hide | hid | hidden | esconder(se) |
hit | hit | hit | golpear |
hold | held | held | agarrar(se) |
hurt | hurt | hurt | hacer daño |
keep | kept | kept | guardar |
know | knew | known | saber, conocer |
learn | learnt | learnt | aprender |
let | let | let | permitir |
lie | lay | lain | echarse |
make | made | made | hacer |
meet | met | met | encontrar(se) |
pay | paid | paid | pagar |
put | put | put | poner |
read | read | read | leer |
ride | rode | ridden | montar |
ring | rang | rung | sonar |
rise | rose | risen | levantarse |
run | ran | run | correr |
say | said | said | decir |
see | saw | seen | ver |
sell | sold | sold | vender(se) |
send | sent | sent | enviar |
show | showed | shown | mostrar |
sit | sat | sat | sentar(se) |
sleep | slept | slept | dormir |
speak | spoke | spoken | hablar |
spend | spent | spent | pasar, gastar |
stand | stood | stood | estar de pie |
swim | swam | swum | nadar |
take | took | taken | tomar(se) |
teach | taught | taught | enseñar |
tell | told | told | contar, decir |
think | thought | thought | pensar |
throw | threw | thrown | lanzar |
understand | understood | understood | entender |
wake | woke | woken | despertar(se) |
wear | wore | worn | llevar (puesto) |
win | won | won | ganar |
write | wrote | written | escribir |
Verbos Irregulares Avanzados
Verbo en forma base | Verbo en pasado simple | Verbo en participio pasado | Traducción |
bend | bent | bent | doblar(se) |
bind | bound | bound | encuadernar |
bleed | bled | bled | sangrar |
breed | bred | bred | criar |
burst | burst | burst | estallar |
cast | cast | cast | lanzar |
cling | clung | clung | aferrarse |
creep | crept | crept | arrastrar |
deal | dealt | dealt | tratar |
dig | dug | dug | cavar |
freeze | froze | frozen | helar(se) |
grind | ground | ground | moler |
hang | hung | hung | colgar |
kneel | knelt | knelt | arrodillarse |
lay | laid | laid | poner |
lead | led | led | llevar |
lean | leant | leant | apoyarse |
leap | leapt | leapt | brincar |
leave | left | left | dejar |
lend | lent | lent | prestar |
light | lit | lit | encender(se) |
lose | lost | lost | perder |
mean | meant | meant | significar |
overcome | overcame | overcome | vencer |
saw | sawed | sawn | serrar |
seek | sought | sought | buscar |
set | set | set | poner |
sew | sewed | sewn | coser |
shake | shook | shaken | agitar |
shear | sheared | shorn | esquilar |
shine | shone | shone | brillar |
shoot | shot | shot | disparar |
shrink | shrank | shrunk | encoger(se) |
shut | shut | shut | cerrar(se) |
sing | sang | sung | cantar |
sink | sank | sunk | hundir(se) |
slide | slid | slid | resbalar |
smell | smelt | smelt | oler |
sow | sowed | sown | sembrar |
speed | sped | sped | acelerar |
spell | spelt | spelt | deletrear |
spill | spilt | spilt | derramar |
spit | spat | spat | escupir |
split | split | split | hender |
spoil | spoilt | spoilt | estropear(se) |
spread | spread | spread | extender(se) |
steal | stole | stolen | robar |
stick | stuck | stuck | pegar(se) |
sting | stung | stung | picar |
stink | stank | stunk | apestar |
strike | struck | struck | golpear |
strive | strove | striven | esforzarse |
swear | swore | sworn | jurar |
sweep | swept | swept | barrer |
swing | swung | swung | balancear(se) |
tear | tore | torn | romper(se) |
tread | trod | trodden | pisar |
undergo | underwent | undergone | sufrir |
upset | upset | upset | afligir |
weave | wove | woven | tejer |
weep | wept | wept | llorar |
wind | wound | wound | enrollar |
withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn | retirar(se) |
wring | wrung | wrung | torcer |
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